Dublarea complementului indirect în limba română actuală

This chapter starts from the prescriptive and descriptive rules proposed in the academic grammars of Romanian (over the last 60 years) concerning the obligatory and optional doubling of the indirect object. Investigating previous literature, the authors present, in section 2, an inventory of the cases of syntactic variation, involving non-obligatory clitic doubling, anticipation of the full object (when the indirect object is realized by a proper name, by a common name with the semantic feature [+ Human], by a common name with the semantic feature [+ Animate], by a common name with the semantic feature [– Animate], by indefinite and negative pronouns, by relative clauses), and resumption (when the indirect object is realized by indefinite, negative and relative pronouns or by relative clauses). Such cases were included in a linguistic survey with almost 1000 respondents, the results of which are presented in section 3. The survey revealed the following facts: for clitic resumption, the rules are stricter than for anticipation; for resumption, there is a clear preference four doubling when the indirect object is realized by wh-elements; for anticipation, the results roughly confirm the prescriptive rules. Moreover, we have manually investigated a corpus of present-day Romanian texts, which revealed a certain degree of variation not only for the cases considered with non-obligatory clitic doubling, but also for the situations in which the grammatical rules firmly indicate obligatory doubling.